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la vonplinila vonplinla voplinWhich one is most preferable for "Mars"?
la vonplinila vonplinla voplin
Which one is most preferable for "Mars"?
I prefer "la vonplini", because it's a name with some meaning. The cmene "vonplin" and "voplin" don't, technically, mean "vonplini". Calling Mars "The Fourth Planet" is better than calling it "Vonplin".Other possible names are "la xunplini", "The Red Planet" (my favourite, very cross-cultural), "la jamceiplini", "The War-God Planet", or even "la marz".
I prefer "la vonplini", because it's a name with some meaning. The cmene "vonplin" and "voplin" don't, technically, mean "vonplini". Calling Mars "The Fourth Planet" is better than calling it "Vonplin".
Other possible names are "la xunplini", "The Red Planet" (my favourite, very cross-cultural), "la jamceiplini", "The War-God Planet", or even "la marz".
How would you translate "a teenager", a person of age between 10 and 19?
Technically, a teen-ager is someone between the ages of thir-teen and nine-teen :)I'd probably change "teenager" to "young adult", and then translate that literally. So, "citno makcu", or "citma'u".
Technically, a teen-ager is someone between the ages of thir-teen and nine-teen :)
I'd probably change "teenager" to "young adult", and then translate that literally. So, "citno makcu", or "citma'u".
>>1188I see. But my idea was to be able to express a numerical range succinctly (i.e. without bi'i/bi'o). Another example are "1990s" and "a man in his fifties". I guess I can put it as "lo nanmu be fi'o nilsau li 50 bi'i 59" or "lo nanmu pe li 50 bi'i 59", but I find them wordy and too explicit.
>>1188
I see. But my idea was to be able to express a numerical range succinctly (i.e. without bi'i/bi'o). Another example are "1990s" and "a man in his fifties". I guess I can put it as "lo nanmu be fi'o nilsau li 50 bi'i 59" or "lo nanmu pe li 50 bi'i 59", but I find them wordy and too explicit.
>>1194Hmm. Maybe "lo pavdekna'a", "a one decader"? "1990s" could be "la 199moi dekna'atei", "The 199th Decade", and "a man in his fifties" could be "lo nanmu poi mumdekna'a".
>>1194
Hmm. Maybe "lo pavdekna'a", "a one decader"? "1990s" could be "la 199moi dekna'atei", "The 199th Decade", and "a man in his fifties" could be "lo nanmu poi mumdekna'a".
I'm looking for a selbri for "dinosaur". But there doesn't seem to be one. So I have thought up some fu'ivla myself: "diznosaria", "dzinosauri". I suppose these are valid according to:http://www.lojban.com/tiki/tiki-index.php?page=nice+fu%27ivla+forms&bl=yI wasn't too sure about 11-letter fu'ivla. Is "dzinosauria" also valid?
>>1190I think "dino" is a better Lojbanization than "daino", the diphthong of which is peculiar to English.
>>1190
I think "dino" is a better Lojbanization than "daino", the diphthong of which is peculiar to English.
>>1193One of the reasons to use lujvo such as "cpirespa" is that even supposedly "international" words like the scientific names for living things get pronounced differently by different populations, so when they're converted to fu'ivla, there's a chance they'll become unrecognizable, even ignoring the fact that some people won't know the original word at all. Type-3 fu'ivla at least provide some information about the fu'ivla (since one can reasonably expect the reader/listener to know Lojban rafsi), but a nice lujvo can be both more descriptive and shorter, and doesn't rely on listeners being able to divine the word from which a fu'ivla was derived.So, yeah, I Lojbanize "dinosaur" to "dainosaur" (or possibly "dainosor"), because that's how I'm used to hearing it pronounced. That's no worse than inserting a 'z' into the fu'ivla. (And no better. Use "cpirespa"! Or a better lujvo, if you can come up with one!)
>>1193
One of the reasons to use lujvo such as "cpirespa" is that even supposedly "international" words like the scientific names for living things get pronounced differently by different populations, so when they're converted to fu'ivla, there's a chance they'll become unrecognizable, even ignoring the fact that some people won't know the original word at all. Type-3 fu'ivla at least provide some information about the fu'ivla (since one can reasonably expect the reader/listener to know Lojban rafsi), but a nice lujvo can be both more descriptive and shorter, and doesn't rely on listeners being able to divine the word from which a fu'ivla was derived.
So, yeah, I Lojbanize "dinosaur" to "dainosaur" (or possibly "dainosor"), because that's how I'm used to hearing it pronounced. That's no worse than inserting a 'z' into the fu'ivla. (And no better. Use "cpirespa"! Or a better lujvo, if you can come up with one!)
>>1197 Of course, if they can understand the type-3 fu'ivla and its rafsi, then they can read the lujvo!Take this argument as you will, it merely is a neutral point.
>>1197
Of course, if they can understand the type-3 fu'ivla and its rafsi, then they can read the lujvo!
Take this argument as you will, it merely is a neutral point.
Can the x1 of "jvinu" be an abstraction (lo nu ...)? Thank you.
The x1 of jvinu would have to be something which defines a view (what x2 looks like from POV x3). If an abstraction described what something looked like from some perspective, then it could be used as the x1 of jvinu. E.g., "That cloud looks like an event of a face smiling.", "lo vu dilnu cu selji'u lo nu lo flira cu cisma".
The main difference between events and ordinary objects as I see it is that events generally have relatively well defined time boundaries but relatively fuzzy space boundaries, whereas ordinary objects have relatively well defined space boundaries but relatively fuzzy time boundaries. Other than that, both are objects in space-time, and usually can occupy the same gismu places. (This is in contrast with pure abstractions like numbers, sets or properties, which don't really exist in space-time, and have their own separate gismu places.)
How do '.anai' make 'if'? How do 'na .a' make 'if'?Sorry, I have not written English in long time.
How do '.anai' make 'if'? How do 'na .a' make 'if'?
Sorry, I have not written English in long time.
All A logical connectives have truth table TTTF. TRUE a TRUE = TRUE TRUE a FALSE = TRUE FALSE a TRUE = TRUE FALSE a FALSE = FALSESo {a}'s truth table is TTTF. TRUE a nai TRUE = TRUE TRUE a nai FALSE = TRUE FALSE a nai TRUE = FALSE FALSE a nai FALSE = TRUEThus, {a nai}'s truth table is TTFT. TRUE na a TRUE = TRUE Comment is too long. Go here to view the full text.
All A logical connectives have truth table TTTF.
TRUE a TRUE = TRUE TRUE a FALSE = TRUE FALSE a TRUE = TRUE FALSE a FALSE = FALSE
So {a}'s truth table is TTTF.
TRUE a nai TRUE = TRUE TRUE a nai FALSE = TRUE FALSE a nai TRUE = FALSE FALSE a nai FALSE = TRUE
Thus, {a nai}'s truth table is TTFT.
TRUE na a TRUE = TRUE
All 16:TTTT (always true)TTTF first is true and/or second is true.TTFT first is true if second is true.TTFF first is true whether or not second is true.TFTT first is true only if second is true.TFTF whether or not first is true, second is true.TFFT first is true if and only if second is true.TFFF first is true and second is trueFTTT first and second are not both true.FTTF first or second is true, but not both.FTFT whether or not first is true, second is false.FTFF first is true, but second is false.FFTT first is false whether or not second is true. Comment is too long. Go here to view the full text.
All 16:
TTTT (always true)TTTF first is true and/or second is true.TTFT first is true if second is true.TTFF first is true whether or not second is true.TFTT first is true only if second is true.TFTF whether or not first is true, second is true.TFFT first is true if and only if second is true.TFFF first is true and second is true
FTTT first and second are not both true.FTTF first or second is true, but not both.FTFT whether or not first is true, second is false.FTFF first is true, but second is false.FFTT first is false whether or not second is true.
Here:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcyI1oLnkHE
Here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcyI1oLnkHE
>>1153nixli ue sai zo'o i mi ba zi zgana
u'i bu'o cu'i le nixli cu xajmi cusku zo uei ba'a na a'o cu'i ze'a troci i xamgu ku'i i'e
u'i bu'o cu'i le nixli cu xajmi cusku zo ue
i ba'a na a'o cu'i ze'a troci i xamgu ku'i i'e
ko ve skina la'o iutiub http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtEtnpdm7kI iutiub
(By "universe" I mean "all those cultures that Lojban applies to".)I've been messing about with drawing Lojbanic things (pic related), and I hypothesise that Lojban can be taught with pictures, stories and Lojban.Rosetta Stone provides us with some evidence that teaching like this is possible.In the picture it tries to demonstrate the difference between ‘cat’ and ‘“cat”’, that is, quotation. {mlatu} means "cat", whereas {zo mlatu} means "the word cat". I think the picture illustrates this simply and effectively.The picture also tries to illustrate that {la foo} is {la'e zo foo} and that it means "the referent of the word 'foo'".I know for someone looking at it who's never seen Lojban, it's probably incredibly fuzzy. "Does la tibs mlatu" mean "mlatu-ish tibs"? Does it mean "tibs mlatu" is the cat's name? Etc. But I believe these details can be smoothed off with other techniques such as presenting different perspectives on the same grammar. Comment is too long. Go here to view the full text.
(By "universe" I mean "all those cultures that Lojban applies to".)
I've been messing about with drawing Lojbanic things (pic related), and I hypothesise that Lojban can be taught with pictures, stories and Lojban.
Rosetta Stone provides us with some evidence that teaching like this is possible.
In the picture it tries to demonstrate the difference between ‘cat’ and ‘“cat”’, that is, quotation. {mlatu} means "cat", whereas {zo mlatu} means "the word cat". I think the picture illustrates this simply and effectively.
The picture also tries to illustrate that {la foo} is {la'e zo foo} and that it means "the referent of the word 'foo'".
I know for someone looking at it who's never seen Lojban, it's probably incredibly fuzzy. "Does la tibs mlatu" mean "mlatu-ish tibs"? Does it mean "tibs mlatu" is the cat's name? Etc. But I believe these details can be smoothed off with other techniques such as presenting different perspectives on the same grammar.
It might be worth considering the use of comics style speech balloons for the cases when the words are being said by someone in the picture, since I assume you will need to use a lot of dialogue to teach some constructions. I think it would be better to establish that convention from the beginning with the simplest cases (like "mi").
>>1173Good idea. I had indeed considered that speech bubbles would be needed. I'll change those images.
>>1173
Good idea. I had indeed considered that speech bubbles would be needed. I'll change those images.
>>1172> florolf and other Germans also had some trouble with {danlu}, but I'm not really clear on why. Maybe he can shed some light on that.Possibly because they have no category which includes both humans and animals? (Many native speakers of English don't put humans in the category "animal", while biologists do; maybe German works that way too.)
>>1172
> florolf and other Germans also had some trouble with {danlu}, but I'm not really clear on why. Maybe he can shed some light on that.
Possibly because they have no category which includes both humans and animals? (Many native speakers of English don't put humans in the category "animal", while biologists do; maybe German works that way too.)
Is it possible to combine a ZAhO with a BAI and say "co'ude'i li 4.1" to mean "until April 1st"?
>>1158Yes and no.It's grammatical, but they don't actually combine to form a single tag, it's two terms: "co'u [ku] de'i li 4;1". But at least in this case, the meaning would still seem to be as if they combined.The rules for which tags can combine with which are complicated. Here I have proposed a simplification of those rules:http://www.lojban.org/tiki/tiki-index.php?page=internal+grammar+of+tags so that any tag can combine with any other.
>>1158
Yes and no.
It's grammatical, but they don't actually combine to form a single tag, it's two terms: "co'u [ku] de'i li 4;1". But at least in this case, the meaning would still seem to be as if they combined.
The rules for which tags can combine with which are complicated. Here I have proposed a simplification of those rules:http://www.lojban.org/tiki/tiki-index.php?page=internal+grammar+of+tags so that any tag can combine with any other.
>>1160Jbofi'e fails to parse "co'u de'i li 4.1" unless I put ku after co'u. Is that just a bug?
>>1160
Jbofi'e fails to parse "co'u de'i li 4.1" unless I put ku after co'u. Is that just a bug?
>>1162Yes, jbofi'e sometimes has problems with elidable terminators.
>>1162
Yes, jbofi'e sometimes has problems with elidable terminators.
What is an example of the x3 of "cimni"? Thank you.
It isn't clear to me, either. Possibly the cardinality of the infinity being discussed?
In "I walk", "walk" is the predicate. But in "mi cadzu", the predicate is what "mi cadzu" as a whole is, called "bridi". The x2 of "bridi" is a relationship, a selbri, which is "cadzu" in this example. "cadzu" corresponds to "walk", but I'm not sure how "walk" is a relationship/selbri. I'm confused about the definition of "bridi"."mi cadzu" = "I walk""mi cadzu" = predicate/bridi ≠ "I walk""walk" = predicate/bridi ≠ "cadzu"?
In "I walk", "walk" is the predicate. But in "mi cadzu", the predicate is what "mi cadzu" as a whole is, called "bridi". The x2 of "bridi" is a relationship, a selbri, which is "cadzu" in this example. "cadzu" corresponds to "walk", but I'm not sure how "walk" is a relationship/selbri. I'm confused about the definition of "bridi".
"mi cadzu" = "I walk""mi cadzu" = predicate/bridi ≠ "I walk""walk" = predicate/bridi ≠ "cadzu"
?
bridi = propositionselbri = predicateThe keyword "predicate" for "bridi" is just a bad choice of keyword. Many gismu suffer from bad keywords.
bridi = propositionselbri = predicate
The keyword "predicate" for "bridi" is just a bad choice of keyword. Many gismu suffer from bad keywords.