>>1343

Not that a lot of those questions about the .ybu. in the translation of "calculus" are not applicable because there needs to be a vowel at the end. However, if it was "cmacrkalkulysu", it might be important.

>>1343

-r- can only be inserted after a CVV- or CV'V- rafsi. It cannot be inserted after CCV-. "jborbau" is not even a valid fu'ivla, as it fails the slinku'i test.

fu'ivla cannot contain "y".

Commas are always irrelevant. They don't add any relevant information. They are only a decoration to indicate the writer's preferred syllabication, but the reader need not pay any attention to them if they don't want to. Commas should not even be part of the alphabet, as they don't give any phonemic information. Their "name" is "slaka bu" (but that's not really a name). The leading part of a type-3 fu'ivla is often called the "classifier rafsi". The trailing part doesn't have a name as far as I know.

"y" cannot be stressed in lujvo. In cmavo and in cmevla, stress is free, so you may stress whatever syllable you want (but final stress in cmavo may require an additional pause), but it is common practice to follow the same rules as for lujvo (i.e. penultimate stress not counting "y").

The cmevla "grtlin" can be stressed any way the speaker likes, it makes no difference. "r", "l", "m", "n" are not stressed in lujvo or fu'ivla, but in cmevla it's the speaker's choice.

>>1343

According to the CLL, hyphen letters are forbidden wherever they aren't mandatory. However, the current morphology (which I don't think is officially official yet), makes hyphens optional wherever they aren't mandatory. In any event, an "r" hyphen after a CCV rafsi is never allowed. You can put "y" hyphens after "CVC" rafsi, or "r/n" hyphens after "CVV" rafsi, but "jborbau" is probably a type-3 fu'ivla.

Fu'ivla can't contain "y". Maybe "cmacrkalkiulasa". The rafsi at the beginning of a type-3 fu'ivla is called a classifier. I'm not aware of any special name for the rest. The syllable break character, ",", is called "slakabu", literally "syllable-character", in Lojban.

In brivla, "y" can only appear in lujvo, and can never be stressed. When counting syllables for the penultimate stress on a brivla, only non-"y", non-syllabic-consonant syllables are counted. So "selylai" is stressed "SElylai". In cmene, stress is arbitrary. Presumably this means "y" and syllabic-consonant syllables can be stressed.

Note that pauses are required between cmavo ending in "y" and a "bu", e.g. ".y.bu .y'y.bu ky.bu vy.bu".

>>1348

Minor point: ".ybu" and ".y'ybu" don't really require a pause in the middle, they can't be confused with anything else. "kybu" and "vybu" are also possible in some contexts. "slaka bu" doesn't require a pause but it has to be written separately, or else the penultimate stress of "slaka" needs to be marked. "slakabu" is a fu'ivla with stress on "ka".

>>1350

e'enai "slakabu" was a typo. It should have been "slaka bu". Actually, it should be "me'o slaka bu", if we're talking about the character itself, which I think you alluded to above, but didn't explain in full.

So, what are the exact rules for deciding when pauses must follow cmavo ending in "y"? The rule "cmavo ending in y must be followed by a pause unless they are followed by another cmavo ending in y" is a lot easier to remember, I imagine, but I'm curious to know what the details are, now.

>>1351

".y" and ".y'y" never require a following pause.

As for Cy cmavo, they need a pause when both preceded without pause by a CV cmavo and followed by what may be taken as a string of rafsi. In other words, when without the pause they would be taken as part of a "CVCy-" rafsi making a lujvo. A pause after every Cy is one way to avoid that context, but it's often overkill. A pause before the Cy is also enough to avoid the context. In the case of Cybu, a pause after the "bu" is another way of avoiding the pause between Cy and "bu".

>>1352

Does that mean if you are slow speaker you would speak like this:

mi yyyyyyyyy tavla yyyyyyy bau la lojban yyy

>>1354

That's exactly what ".y" is for, yes.

>>1352

Dang. I was hoping a grammar could be made which marked every word-break (adjacent pauses and/or whitespace) as mandatory or optional.